These days, everyone is a Web designer. Whether you are adding a comment to a Facebook page, creating your own blog, or building a Fortune 50 Web site, you are involved in Web design. As the Web expands, everyone from PTA presidents to presidents of multinational corporations is using this medium to get messages out to the world because the Web is the most effective way to communicate your message to the people around you and around the world. Knowing how to design for the Web isn’t always about designing complete Web sites.

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CSS level 1 (CSS1) The W3C released the first official version of CSS in 1996. This early version included the core capabilities associated with CSS, such as the ability to format text, set fonts, and set margins. Netscape 4 and Internet Explorer 3 and 4 support Level 1. Web designers needed a way to position elements on the screen precisely. CSS1 was already released, and CSS Level 2 was still in the future, so the W3C released a stopgap solution: CSS-Positioning. This standard proposed that the parties concerned could debate for awhile before the CSS-P standard became official.

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Hex or Decimal? Until recently, it was assumed that colors should always be declared in RGB hexadecimal notation. In fact, I still meet designers and developers who are completely unaware that they have alternatives. RGB decimal has been around for quite awhile and will work in any browser you want to throw it at. But which is “better”? I personally find that it’s much easier to envision a color in decimal numbers (which I’ve used all my life) than in hex values. I can look at the value 135, 127, 107 and know it’s a reddish beige much faster than if I see 877f6b.

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How does CSS work? When a visitor loads one of your Web pages, by either typing in the address or clicking a link, the server (the computer that stores the Web page) sends the HTML file to the visitor’s computer along with any files linked to or embedded in the HTML file. Regardless of where the CSS code is, the visitor’s browser will interpret it and apply it to the HTML to render the Web page using that browser’s particular rendering engine that is then displayed in the browser window.

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The ability to set the background color on an HTML page has been around almost since the first Web browsers. However, with CSS you can define the background color, not only for the entire page, but also for individual elements using the background- color property. Unlike the color property, though, background colors are applied only to the element, and are not directly inherited by its children. That said, by the very fact they are within the parent, they will be set against that background. To define the background color of an element: 1.

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Most HTML tags have browser inherited styles associated with them. These default styles are actually defined by the Web browser developer. Because the browser developer has added them, you need to remember that they are there and will affect your design. For example, the tag will italicize text on most browsers. No cosmic constant dictates that emphasized text is italicized; it’s just that the guys and gals programming the browser software decided to do it that way. The good news is that you can use CSS to override the browser styles.